Nozzle for elastic-fluid turbines.



No. 814,426. PATENTED MAR. 6, 190B.

0. BEADWAY.

NOZZLE FOB. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINES. APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 1905.

. 9 Fgl. I

O O O- O- z 6 o 9 O Inventor. Chattin Bradway,

- Atty UNITEL STATES PATENT cri s.

UHATTIN BRADWAY, OF ,SCHENEOTADY, N EW YORK, ASSIGNORQTQ GR I ERAL ELECTRIC. COMPANY, A CQRRORKT' EON OF YORKQ- 'NOZZLE FOR ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINES- no. 814,426. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March e, 1906;

' Application-Hadley 19, 1905. Serial No. 261,150.

To all whom it may con n: I The parts of the nozzleare inadeofsome Be it knownthat I, OHATTINBRADW-AY, a homogeneous sheet metalfof a'suitable-gagev citizen of theUnitedStates, residing at-Schenand. which may with advantage be polished ectady, county of Schenectady, State of N ew in sheet form before the partsare cut there 5 York, have invented certain new and useful from, thus rendering the process simpler,

I provements in Nozzles for Elastic-Fluid With such commercial metal as cold-rolled 6o Turbines, of which the following is a specisteel or other'smooth metal the sheets may fication. be satisfactory without polishing. As a gene The present invention relates to nozzles eralproposition, however, polishing is desir- IO for elastic-fluid turbines, and relates, priable, as it reduces surface-friction of the mo 5 mariiy, to-those of a built-up type. In noztive fluid in passing through the nozzle+pas zles of this class as heretofore proposed the sages, and thereby increasesthe efli'ciency. individual parts are expensive to make bedteferring to the drawings, .1isa portionof; cause of the amount of, machine-work ina turbine, which for the purpose ofillustra5= 15 volved and the subsequent finishing by hand. tion represents a diaphragm that isadap'tedg Furthermore, the parts of the turbine in to sup ort a nozzle 2 or'a larger-numbei' if; 7o which'the nozzles are sup orted require also desire Obviously any suitable portion or to be accurately machined inorder that the portions of the turbine may be employed to parts maybe properly fitted place, thus carry the nozzles. The diaphragm or sup- 2o materially contributing to the cost of the port is provided With one or 1110'3 segmental nozzle. openings, preferablycored out in the same to 7 5 The objects of the invention are,-first, to the desired size and shape so, as to receive sim liiy and cheapen the construction by the nozzles. The walls-of theopening mayi- 'ma g the nozzles Wholly or largely of be left in the rough, as the nozzles -coin--: 2 5 punched or stamped sheet-metal plates, pletely line them and-form thewalls-for Hidthereby obviating anymachine-work and also ing and directing the passage of'motive. uid; ;8 o hand-finishing whollyor in large part second, The nozzles may be arranged, in the sup ort" to provide nozzles of this character whose to cover only a limited arc of the hue etparts are so assembled as to form unitary wheels or may extend entirely around the o structures which can be arranged in thenozsame, as desired. 1

zle-receiving openings of the' supporting e nozzle comprises two sections-viz., members of the turbine without requirin a distributing-chamber, portionforr'n'edby, the walls of the openings tob machined an the supporting-plate 3 and a discharge porwhich can be readily interchanged or retion 4, having one or more discharge-pas-i- -i 3 5 newed if such is desirable. sages 5. The first portion serves tosupport For an understandin of the details of conhe discharge portion, although it. maybe- 0 struction attention is irected to the followdispensed with in some embodiments. ing description and of the features of novelty preferably takes the form of a segmental to the claims appended hereto. plate sli htly larger than the dimensions of. 40 In the accompanying drawings, which the nozz e-receiving openings in the support illustrate certain embodiments of the invenor diaphragm, so as toprovide a circumferggs 'tion,'Figure 1 is a plan view of a nozzle of the ential flange 6 for receivin the bolts 7 'sectionalized type and its support. Fig. 2 is which secure the nozzle in p ace. The. segf" a longitudinal sectlon of anozzle. Fig. 3 is a mental plate is provided with a longitudinal: x

5 section through the bowl or chamber portion opening corresponding substantially .to. the-- of a nozzle. Fig. 4 is' a view of one'of the opening in the support and communicate si' -ioc' side plates. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective with the discharge-passages 5' and is pr'oa view of'one of the partitions of a nozzle vided with a chamber, bowl, or depression B, awn on an enlar ed scale. Fig. 6'is a lon whose walls incline toward the openin there-- 50 gitudinal section 01 a modified form of nozzle of. This portion 8 serves as a distri utin -w 1th portions broken away. Fig. 7 is a plan chamber, which collects the motive fluid View thereof. Fig; 8 is a transverse section from the steam-chest or precedigg wheel i i on line 8 8, Fig. 6 and Fig. 9 is a similar secbuckets, as use case may be, and eliversit tion of an alternatlveform of nozzle. to the discharge-passages. The plate may, 1

buckets and also with t at of the opening in the segmental late. Between the side plates are suitaly secured partitions 10, which guide and direct the passage of the motive fluid, as do also the side plates: When two partitions are employed, they form with the side plates a single section or passage nozzle, and when a larger number are employed they'constitute with. the side plates a plurality of individual fluid-discharging passages or what is termed a sectionalized nozzle. The partitions may be cast, forged, or otherwise suitably formed pieces and of any desired shape to produce expanding or non-expanding passages. In the resent instance the partitions are mate of sheet metal of good substantial gage and punched therefrom to the required size. The punchings are curved on a form or in a bendingmachine, so that when assembled each'adjacent pair constitutes the end walls of an inare secured together by riveting.

dividual discharge-passage. As the partitions are corres ondingly shaped and similarly dis osed, t e fluid-discharging passa es formed by them each comprises a suitable receiving end, which communicates withthe distributing-chamber 8 of the section 3, and a discharge end, which is more or less inclined to the plane of the bucket-wheel to deliver the motive fluid at the proper angle against the buckets. The side plates and partitions As a simple manner 0 doing this each partition is punched with integral lugs 11, Fig. 5, at their side edges. These are adapted to engage and rivet in correspondingly-shaped perforations 12, which are punched out in the side plates 9. The longitudinal edges of the opening of the supporting-plate 3 are turned down at right an les during the stamping operation, so as to orm securing-flanges 13, to which the discharge portion of the nozzle is attached. These flanges and also the side plates at their upper edges have registering openings or erforations 14 punched in them to receive t e securing-rivets 15. The side plates are fitted between the flanges. so that smooth unbroken surfaces are obtained in thepassages 5. The perforations 14 of the plates are countersunk, so that the rivet may e flush with the inner Walls of the passages, as shown in Fig. 9. After the parts are punched and shaped the partitions and side plates are first assembled and the lugs 11 riveted, thus forming the discharge ortion complete." This latter is next assern led in the supporting-plate and riveted thereto.

To-mount the nozzle in the diaphragm or support 1 the upper surface thereof is first turned off true and holes bored and tapped around the segmental opening therein to receive the securing-bolts 7,by which the nozzle is held in place. It may be advantageous to enlarge or slot the perforations in the supporting-plates through which the bolts 7 pass, so that slight adjustment may be possible to obtain the proper relation between the discharge ends of the passages and the buckets.

Referring to-Figs. 6 and 7, the supporting member 16 is provided withabowl 17 for each discharge-passage 18. The metal punched out to make the opening or throat 19 between the bowl and the discharge-passage is turned down to form securing-lugs 20, to which the side plates are riveted. In this construction the passages are made expanding toward the discharge end by means of sheet-metal partitions 2] made in two parts to constitute a wedge, as shown in Fig. 6. The partitions need not necessarily be made in two parts, as a single piece may be em-- ployed and formed into the wedge. In this modification the side walls of the passage may be diverging, as shown in Fig. 8, or parallel, as shown in Fig. 9. l/Vhen diverging side walls are employed, as in the modification, the passages are'expanding in both directions.

The nozzle which I have illustrated is of a section alized type; but it is within the scope of the invention to construct single-passage nozzles on the same principle. Furthermore, while I have described the side members of a nozzle as having perforations to receive the lugs on the partitions, they may be stamped with grooves or slots to receive the edges of the partitions or the groovesv may be milled in the side plates before the latter are curved or given their final form. Also the side members may be are-shaped castings carefully finished on the. surfaces which serve as the walls of the fluid-dischar ing passages and the partitions secured to t em in any suitable manner.

In accordance withthe provis'ionsof the patent statutes I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together I15 with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the-best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means. 1 20 'sist separatelyforined sheet-metal pieces,

and means for securing the-pieces together.

.- 3. As an article of manufacture, a nozzle Q for an elastic-fluid turbine, comprising indelunite 'the side walls and wit the latter form j I fluid-discharging passages.

4 means for securin the .wal

pendent and concentrically-curvedside walls,

and transversely-arranged artitions which 41A nozzle for elasti -fluid turbines, com prisingsheet-"met'all end-and side walls which guide and direct thepassage of motive fluid,

s together, and'a supporting-plate I ofitlie said walls by which the nozzle is mounted in the turbine.

, 5. A nozzlefor elastic-fluid turbines, comprising a sectionjhavin one or more fluid-discharging passa es, an a sheet-metal section provided with cham'ber; which collects and delivers the motive fluid to the discharging passage or passagpa-andmeans for securing the sections toget ture.

6. A sheet-metal nozzle for elastic-fluid turbines,comprising curved side plates, partitons secured between them which form one erto form-a unitary strucor more fluid-dischargingpassages, a supportingi member, integral securing-flanges provi ed on the supporting member, and.meansfor securing the side plates to the flanges.

7. A sheet-metalnozzle for elastic-fluid turbines, comprising curved side lates, partitons securedbetween themwhic form one or more fluid-discharging passages, a sheetmetal supporting member provided with an opening, epressed walls adjacent the openmg which'form a chamber-for collecting and members, and

I .tween the mem delivering the motive flu'id to the discharge passage 'or ato the slot or opemng'and. removably fitted therein, said nozzle comprising arc-shaped side plates; and transversel -arranged partitions which are secured to t e sideplates and cooperate therewith to form, a plurality of closely-associated passages having the same angle of discharge.

10. As an article of manufacture, a distributing-chamber for a nozzle, comprising a sheet-metal plate formed 'with one or-more dished or bowl-shaped portions which serve assages, and integral fianges' ormed on t e supporting member at the; edges of the opening for supporting the side to collect and deliver the motive fluid to the discharge passage or assages of the nozzle.

In witness whereo I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of May, 1905.

'CHATTIN BRADWAY.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN ORFORD. 

